Now we shall design a D-type based circuit that will count up or down, under the control of a single external input, through the first five prime numbers (in binary). We must ensure that the circuit w...

The general form of a synchronous sequential circuit is shown in Fig. 8.1. To recap, this has: external inputs, A, and outputs, Z; a combinational block can be considered in two parts; and 'memory’ in...

Synchronous sequential circuits were introduced in Section 5.1 where firstly sequential circuits as a whole (being circuits with ‘memory’) and then the differences between asynchronous and synchronous...

Since for this type of counter in general we need the input to the nth T-type used to construct the circuit to be TN=Q0 *Q2*…QN-1, = TN-1* QN-1 it is clear there are two ways in which the steering log...

Synchronous binary counters are arguably the simplest sequential synchronous circuits. They use the flip-flops to store the circuit's count state and (usually) have no external inputs. Thus the next s...

A mod-W (or divide-by-N) asynchronous counter, where N=T, will count up to (N- 1) (an output of all 1’s) before resetting to all 0*s and beginning the count sequence again....

The output of a T-type flip-flop with T=) will simply toggle every time it is docked. So the circuit in Fig. 7.1 constructed from negative edge triggered T-type flip-flops will give the waveforms show...

Counters are one of the most widely used logic components in digital electronic circuits. In addition to simply counting they can be used: to measure time and frequency; increment memory addresses; an...