Everyone loves a “win-win” This is especially true when it comes to highly complex electronic assemblies with high- tech/high-reliability products such as Defense, Space, Medical, RF and Microwav...

As the structure of semi conductors became more complex over time, the packaging technology required significant changes in order to offer added utilities and functionalities. To complement the comple...

Electric charge is nothing but flow of electrons from one object to another. We all know that an atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons (look at the diagram on the right that explains the ...

What is ESD?ESD stands for electrostatic discharge. ESD can be defined as transfer of electric charge between two different objects charged to different electric potentials. This happens when the two ...

I NTRODUCTION OF PCB MATERIALSThe materials used to make PCBs are very important. And because the price of different material can vary from 10% to 100%, so the price differences of PCBs made by differ...

Electric charge is nothing but flow of electrons from one object to another. We all know that an atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons (look at the diagram on the right that explains the ...

Lead-Free Solder: Solder with NO Lead (Pb). Lead-Free is taking rapid momentum around the world after the EU (European Union) Directives to wipe off lead (Poison) from electronic soldering considering...

Equipment unique to surface mounting includes inspection and repair / rework equipment. Inspection equipment for surface mounting in electronics has not matured yet. There are two main types of automa...