The general form of a synchronous sequential circuit is shown in Fig. 8.1. To recap, this has: external inputs, A, and outputs, Z; a combinational block can be considered in two parts; and 'memory’ in...

Synchronous binary counters are arguably the simplest sequential synchronous circuits. They use the flip-flops to store the circuit's count state and (usually) have no external inputs. Thus the next s...

A mod-W (or divide-by-N) asynchronous counter, where N=T, will count up to (N- 1) (an output of all 1’s) before resetting to all 0*s and beginning the count sequence again....

The output of a T-type flip-flop with T=) will simply toggle every time it is docked. So the circuit in Fig. 7.1 constructed from negative edge triggered T-type flip-flops will give the waveforms show...

Flip-flops' are vital ingredients in all except purely combinational logic circuits and are therefore extremely important. The SR (Set-Reset) flip-flop was introduced in the last chapter and illustrat...

All mechanical switches will ‘bounce’ when closed which means the contacts do not make immediate firm contact. The consequence of this is that the actual voltage from the switch oscillates when contac...

In this introductory text we will define two broad classes of sequential circuits, namely; asynchronous and synchronous.• The timing of the operation of asynchronous circuits, as the name implies, is ...

All of the circuits so far considered in this book have been combinational. This means that their outputs are dependent only upon the inputs at that time. We now turn our attention to sequential logic...